EST_Response|WP_Error Response object on success, or WP_Error object on failure.
	 */
	public function get_items( $request ) {
		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		$passwords = WP_Application_Passwords::get_user_application_passwords( $user->ID );
		$response  = array();

		foreach ( $passwords as $password ) {
			$response[] = $this->prepare_response_for_collection(
				$this->prepare_item_for_response( $password, $request )
			);
		}

		return new WP_REST_Response( $response );
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if a given request has access to get a specific application password.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return true|WP_Error True if the request has read access for the item, WP_Error object otherwise.
	 */
	public function get_item_permissions_check( $request ) {
		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		if ( ! current_user_can( 'read_app_password', $user->ID, $request['uuid'] ) ) {
			return new WP_Error(
				'rest_cannot_read_application_password',
				__( 'Sorry, you are not allowed to read this application password.' ),
				array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() )
			);
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves one application password from the collection.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return WP_REST_Response|WP_Error Response object on success, or WP_Error object on failure.
	 */
	public function get_item( $request ) {
		$password = $this->get_application_password( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $password ) ) {
			return $password;
		}

		return $this->prepare_item_for_response( $password, $request );
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if a given request has access to create application passwords.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return true|WP_Error True if the request has access to create items, WP_Error object otherwise.
	 */
	public function create_item_permissions_check( $request ) {
		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		if ( ! current_user_can( 'create_app_password', $user->ID ) ) {
			return new WP_Error(
				'rest_cannot_create_application_passwords',
				__( 'Sorry, you are not allowed to create application passwords for this user.' ),
				array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() )
			);
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Creates an application password.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return WP_REST_Response|WP_Error Response object on success, or WP_Error object on failure.
	 */
	public function create_item( $request ) {
		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		$prepared = $this->prepare_item_for_database( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $prepared ) ) {
			return $prepared;
		}

		$created = WP_Application_Passwords::create_new_application_password( $user->ID, wp_slash( (array) $prepared ) );

		if ( is_wp_error( $created ) ) {
			return $created;
		}

		$password = $created[0];
		$item     = WP_Application_Passwords::get_user_application_password( $user->ID, $created[1]['uuid'] );

		$item['new_password'] = WP_Application_Passwords::chunk_password( $password );
		$fields_update        = $this->update_additional_fields_for_object( $item, $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $fields_update ) ) {
			return $fields_update;
		}

		/**
		 * Fires after a single application password is completely created or updated via the REST API.
		 *
		 * @since 5.6.0
		 *
		 * @param array           $item     Inserted or updated password item.
		 * @param WP_REST_Request $request  Request object.
		 * @param bool            $creating True when creating an application password, false when updating.
		 */
		do_action( 'rest_after_insert_application_password', $item, $request, true );

		$request->set_param( 'context', 'edit' );
		$response = $this->prepare_item_for_response( $item, $request );

		$response->set_status( 201 );
		$response->header( 'Location', $response->get_links()['self'][0]['href'] );

		return $response;
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if a given request has access to update application passwords.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return true|WP_Error True if the request has access to create items, WP_Error object otherwise.
	 */
	public function update_item_permissions_check( $request ) {
		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		if ( ! current_user_can( 'edit_app_password', $user->ID, $request['uuid'] ) ) {
			return new WP_Error(
				'rest_cannot_edit_application_password',
				__( 'Sorry, you are not allowed to edit this application password.' ),
				array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() )
			);
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Updates an application password.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return WP_REST_Response|WP_Error Response object on success, or WP_Error object on failure.
	 */
	public function update_item( $request ) {
		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		$item = $this->get_application_password( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $item ) ) {
			return $item;
		}

		$prepared = $this->prepare_item_for_database( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $prepared ) ) {
			return $prepared;
		}

		$saved = WP_Application_Passwords::update_application_password( $user->ID, $item['uuid'], wp_slash( (array) $prepared ) );

		if ( is_wp_error( $saved ) ) {
			return $saved;
		}

		$fields_update = $this->update_additional_fields_for_object( $item, $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $fields_update ) ) {
			return $fields_update;
		}

		$item = WP_Application_Passwords::get_user_application_password( $user->ID, $item['uuid'] );

		/** This action is documented in wp-includes/rest-api/endpoints/class-wp-rest-application-passwords-controller.php */
		do_action( 'rest_after_insert_application_password', $item, $request, false );

		$request->set_param( 'context', 'edit' );
		return $this->prepare_item_for_response( $item, $request );
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if a given request has access to delete all application passwords for a user.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return true|WP_Error True if the request has access to delete the item, WP_Error object otherwise.
	 */
	public function delete_items_permissions_check( $request ) {
		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		if ( ! current_user_can( 'delete_app_passwords', $user->ID ) ) {
			return new WP_Error(
				'rest_cannot_delete_application_passwords',
				__( 'Sorry, you are not allowed to delete application passwords for this user.' ),
				array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() )
			);
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Deletes all application passwords for a user.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return WP_REST_Response|WP_Error Response object on success, or WP_Error object on failure.
	 */
	public function delete_items( $request ) {
		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		$deleted = WP_Application_Passwords::delete_all_application_passwords( $user->ID );

		if ( is_wp_error( $deleted ) ) {
			return $deleted;
		}

		return new WP_REST_Response(
			array(
				'deleted' => true,
				'count'   => $deleted,
			)
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if a given request has access to delete a specific application password for a user.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return true|WP_Error True if the request has access to delete the item, WP_Error object otherwise.
	 */
	public function delete_item_permissions_check( $request ) {
		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		if ( ! current_user_can( 'delete_app_password', $user->ID, $request['uuid'] ) ) {
			return new WP_Error(
				'rest_cannot_delete_application_password',
				__( 'Sorry, you are not allowed to delete this application password.' ),
				array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() )
			);
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Deletes an application password for a user.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return WP_REST_Response|WP_Error Response object on success, or WP_Error object on failure.
	 */
	public function delete_item( $request ) {
		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		$password = $this->get_application_password( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $password ) ) {
			return $password;
		}

		$request->set_param( 'context', 'edit' );
		$previous = $this->prepare_item_for_response( $password, $request );
		$deleted  = WP_Application_Passwords::delete_application_password( $user->ID, $password['uuid'] );

		if ( is_wp_error( $deleted ) ) {
			return $deleted;
		}

		return new WP_REST_Response(
			array(
				'deleted'  => true,
				'previous' => $previous->get_data(),
			)
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if a given request has access to get the currently used application password for a user.
	 *
	 * @since 5.7.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return true|WP_Error True if the request has read access for the item, WP_Error object otherwise.
	 */
	public function get_current_item_permissions_check( $request ) {
		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		if ( get_current_user_id() !== $user->ID ) {
			return new WP_Error(
				'rest_cannot_introspect_app_password_for_non_authenticated_user',
				__( 'The authenticated application password can only be introspected for the current user.' ),
				array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() )
			);
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves the application password being currently used for authentication of a user.
	 *
	 * @since 5.7.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
	 * @return WP_REST_Response|WP_Error Response object on success, or WP_Error object on failure.
	 */
	public function get_current_item( $request ) {
		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		$uuid = rest_get_authenticated_app_password();

		if ( ! $uuid ) {
			return new WP_Error(
				'rest_no_authenticated_app_password',
				__( 'Cannot introspect application password.' ),
				array( 'status' => 404 )
			);
		}

		$password = WP_Application_Passwords::get_user_application_password( $user->ID, $uuid );

		if ( ! $password ) {
			return new WP_Error(
				'rest_application_password_not_found',
				__( 'Application password not found.' ),
				array( 'status' => 500 )
			);
		}

		return $this->prepare_item_for_response( $password, $request );
	}

	/**
	 * Performs a permissions check for the request.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 * @deprecated 5.7.0 Use `edit_user` directly or one of the specific meta capabilities introduced in 5.7.0.
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request
	 * @return true|WP_Error
	 */
	protected function do_permissions_check( $request ) {
		_deprecated_function( __METHOD__, '5.7.0' );

		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		if ( ! current_user_can( 'edit_user', $user->ID ) ) {
			return new WP_Error(
				'rest_cannot_manage_application_passwords',
				__( 'Sorry, you are not allowed to manage application passwords for this user.' ),
				array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() )
			);
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Prepares an application password for a create or update operation.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Request object.
	 * @return object|WP_Error The prepared item, or WP_Error object on failure.
	 */
	protected function prepare_item_for_database( $request ) {
		$prepared = (object) array(
			'name' => $request['name'],
		);

		if ( $request['app_id'] && ! $request['uuid'] ) {
			$prepared->app_id = $request['app_id'];
		}

		/**
		 * Filters an application password before it is inserted via the REST API.
		 *
		 * @since 5.6.0
		 *
		 * @param stdClass        $prepared An object representing a single application password prepared for inserting or updating the database.
		 * @param WP_REST_Request $request  Request object.
		 */
		return apply_filters( 'rest_pre_insert_application_password', $prepared, $request );
	}

	/**
	 * Prepares the application password for the REST response.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param array           $item    WordPress representation of the item.
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request Request object.
	 * @return WP_REST_Response|WP_Error Response object on success, or WP_Error object on failure.
	 */
	public function prepare_item_for_response( $item, $request ) {
		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		$fields = $this->get_fields_for_response( $request );

		$prepared = array(
			'uuid'      => $item['uuid'],
			'app_id'    => empty( $item['app_id'] ) ? '' : $item['app_id'],
			'name'      => $item['name'],
			'created'   => gmdate( 'Y-m-d\TH:i:s', $item['created'] ),
			'last_used' => $item['last_used'] ? gmdate( 'Y-m-d\TH:i:s', $item['last_used'] ) : null,
			'last_ip'   => $item['last_ip'] ? $item['last_ip'] : null,
		);

		if ( isset( $item['new_password'] ) ) {
			$prepared['password'] = $item['new_password'];
		}

		$prepared = $this->add_additional_fields_to_object( $prepared, $request );
		$prepared = $this->filter_response_by_context( $prepared, $request['context'] );

		$response = new WP_REST_Response( $prepared );

		if ( rest_is_field_included( '_links', $fields ) || rest_is_field_included( '_embedded', $fields ) ) {
			$response->add_links( $this->prepare_links( $user, $item ) );
		}

		/**
		 * Filters the REST API response for an application password.
		 *
		 * @since 5.6.0
		 *
		 * @param WP_REST_Response $response The response object.
		 * @param array            $item     The application password array.
		 * @param WP_REST_Request  $request  The request object.
		 */
		return apply_filters( 'rest_prepare_application_password', $response, $item, $request );
	}

	/**
	 * Prepares links for the request.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_User $user The requested user.
	 * @param array   $item The application password.
	 * @return array The list of links.
	 */
	protected function prepare_links( WP_User $user, $item ) {
		return array(
			'self' => array(
				'href' => rest_url(
					sprintf(
						'%s/users/%d/application-passwords/%s',
						$this->namespace,
						$user->ID,
						$item['uuid']
					)
				),
			),
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Gets the requested user.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request The request object.
	 * @return WP_User|WP_Error The WordPress user associated with the request, or a WP_Error if none found.
	 */
	protected function get_user( $request ) {
		if ( ! wp_is_application_passwords_available() ) {
			return new WP_Error(
				'application_passwords_disabled',
				__( 'Application passwords are not available.' ),
				array( 'status' => 501 )
			);
		}

		$error = new WP_Error(
			'rest_user_invalid_id',
			__( 'Invalid user ID.' ),
			array( 'status' => 404 )
		);

		$id = $request['user_id'];

		if ( 'me' === $id ) {
			if ( ! is_user_logged_in() ) {
				return new WP_Error(
					'rest_not_logged_in',
					__( 'You are not currently logged in.' ),
					array( 'status' => 401 )
				);
			}

			$user = wp_get_current_user();
		} else {
			$id = (int) $id;

			if ( $id <= 0 ) {
				return $error;
			}

			$user = get_userdata( $id );
		}

		if ( empty( $user ) || ! $user->exists() ) {
			return $error;
		}

		if ( is_multisite() && ! user_can( $user->ID, 'manage_sites' ) && ! is_user_member_of_blog( $user->ID ) ) {
			return $error;
		}

		if ( ! wp_is_application_passwords_available_for_user( $user ) ) {
			return new WP_Error(
				'application_passwords_disabled_for_user',
				__( 'Application passwords are not available for your account. Please contact the site administrator for assistance.' ),
				array( 'status' => 501 )
			);
		}

		return $user;
	}

	/**
	 * Gets the requested application password for a user.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param WP_REST_Request $request The request object.
	 * @return array|WP_Error The application password details if found, a WP_Error otherwise.
	 */
	protected function get_application_password( $request ) {
		$user = $this->get_user( $request );

		if ( is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
			return $user;
		}

		$password = WP_Application_Passwords::get_user_application_password( $user->ID, $request['uuid'] );

		if ( ! $password ) {
			return new WP_Error(
				'rest_application_password_not_found',
				__( 'Application password not found.' ),
				array( 'status' => 404 )
			);
		}

		return $password;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves the query params for the collections.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @return array Query parameters for the collection.
	 */
	public function get_collection_params() {
		return array(
			'context' => $this->get_context_param( array( 'default' => 'view' ) ),
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves the application password's schema, conforming to JSON Schema.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @return array Item schema data.
	 */
	public function get_item_schema() {
		if ( $this->schema ) {
			return $this->add_additional_fields_schema( $this->schema );
		}

		$this->schema = array(
			'$schema'    => 'http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#',
			'title'      => 'application-password',
			'type'       => 'object',
			'properties' => array(
				'uuid'      => array(
					'description' => __( 'The unique identifier for the application password.' ),
					'type'        => 'string',
					'format'      => 'uuid',
					'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit', 'embed' ),
					'readonly'    => true,
				),
				'app_id'    => array(
					'description' => __( 'A UUID provided by the application to uniquely identify it. It is recommended to use an UUID v5 with the URL or DNS namespace.' ),
					'type'        => 'string',
					'format'      => 'uuid',
					'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit', 'embed' ),
				),
				'name'      => array(
					'description' => __( 'The name of the application password.' ),
					'type'        => 'string',
					'required'    => true,
					'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit', 'embed' ),
					'minLength'   => 1,
					'pattern'     => '.*\S.*',
				),
				'password'  => array(
					'description' => __( 'The generated password. Only available after adding an application.' ),
					'type'        => 'string',
					'context'     => array( 'edit' ),
					'readonly'    => true,
				),
				'created'   => array(
					'description' => __( 'The GMT date the application password was created.' ),
					'type'        => 'string',
					'format'      => 'date-time',
					'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit' ),
					'readonly'    => true,
				),
				'last_used' => array(
					'description' => __( 'The GMT date the application password was last used.' ),
					'type'        => array( 'string', 'null' ),
					'format'      => 'date-time',
					'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit' ),
					'readonly'    => true,
				),
				'last_ip'   => array(
					'description' => __( 'The IP address the application password was last used by.' ),
					'type'        => array( 'string', 'null' ),
					'format'      => 'ip',
					'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit' ),
					'readonly'    => true,
				),
			),
		);

		return $this->add_additional_fields_schema( $this->schema );
	}
}
ng $url, bool $enabled = true ): bool {
		$url           = $this->prepare_url_for_upsert( $url );
		$existing_path = $this->get_by_url( $url );

		// No need to go any further if the URL is already listed and nothing has changed.
		if ( $existing_path && $existing_path->get_url() === $url && $enabled === $existing_path->is_enabled() ) {
			return true;
		}

		global $wpdb;
		$fields = array(
			'url'     => $url,
			'enabled' => (int) $enabled,
		);

		if ( false === $wpdb->update( $this->get_table(), $fields, array( 'url_id' => $id ) ) ) {
			throw new ApprovedDirectoriesException( __( 'URL could not be updated (probable database error).', 'woocommerce' ), ApprovedDirectoriesException::DB_ERROR );
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Indicates if the specified URL is already an approved directory.
	 *
	 * @param string $url The URL to check.
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function approved_directory_exists( string $url ): bool {
		return (bool) $this->get_by_url( $url );
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the path identified by $id, or false if it does not exist.
	 *
	 * @param int $id The ID of the rule we are looking for.
	 *
	 * @return StoredUrl|false
	 */
	public function get_by_id( int $id ) {
		global $wpdb;

		$table = $this->get_table();

		// phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared
		$result = $wpdb->get_row( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT * FROM {$table} WHERE url_id = %d", array( $id ) ) );

		if ( ! $result ) {
			return false;
		}

		return new StoredUrl( $result->url_id, $result->url, $result->enabled );
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the path identified by $url, or false if it does not exist.
	 *
	 * @param string $url The URL of the rule we are looking for.
	 *
	 * @return StoredUrl|false
	 */
	public function get_by_url( string $url ) {
		global $wpdb;

		$table = $this->get_table();
		$url   = trailingslashit( $url );

		// phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared
		$result = $wpdb->get_row( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT * FROM {$table} WHERE url = %s", array( $url ) ) );

		if ( ! $result ) {
			return false;
		}

		return new StoredUrl( $result->url_id, $result->url, $result->enabled );
	}

	/**
	 * Indicates if the URL is within an approved directory. The approved directory must be enabled
	 * (it is possible for individual approved directories to be disabled).
	 *
	 * For instance, for 'https://storage.king/12345/ebook.pdf' to be valid then 'https://storage.king/12345'
	 * would need to be within our register.
	 *
	 * If the provided URL is a filepath it can be passed in without the 'file://' scheme.
	 *
	 * @throws URLException If the provided URL is badly formed.
	 *
	 * @param string $download_url The URL to check.
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function is_valid_path( string $download_url ): bool {
		global $wpdb;

		$parent_directories = array();

		foreach ( ( new URL( $this->normalize_url( $download_url ) ) )->get_all_parent_urls() as $parent ) {
			$parent_directories[] = "'" . esc_sql( $parent ) . "'";
		}

		if ( empty( $parent_directories ) ) {
			return false;
		}

		$parent_directories = join( ',', $parent_directories );
		$table              = $this->get_table();

		// Look for a rule that matches the start of the download URL being tested. Since rules describe parent
		// directories, we also ensure it ends with a trailing slash.
		//
		// phpcs:disable WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared
		$matches = (int) $wpdb->get_var(
			"
				SELECT COUNT(*)
				FROM   {$table}
				WHERE  enabled = 1
				       AND url IN ( {$parent_directories} )
			"
		);
		// phpcs:enable

		return $matches > 0;
	}

	/**
	 * Used when a URL string is prepared before potentially adding it to the database.
	 *
	 * It will be normalized and trailing-slashed; a length check will also be performed.
	 *
	 * @throws ApprovedDirectoriesException If the operation could not be performed.
	 * @throws URLException                 If the URL was invalid.
	 *
	 * @param string $url The string URL to be normalized and trailing-slashed.
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	private function prepare_url_for_upsert( string $url ): string {
		$url = trailingslashit( $this->normalize_url( $url ) );

		if ( mb_strlen( $url ) > 256 ) {
			throw new ApprovedDirectoriesException( __( 'Approved directory URLs cannot be longer than 256 characters.', 'woocommerce' ), ApprovedDirectoriesException::INVALID_URL );
		}

		return $url;
	}

	/**
	 * Normalizes the provided URL, by trimming whitespace per normal PHP conventions
	 * and removing any trailing slashes. If it lacks a scheme, the file scheme is
	 * assumed and prepended.
	 *
	 * @throws URLException If the URL is badly formed.
	 *
	 * @param string $url The URL to be normalized.
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	private function normalize_url( string $url ): string {
		$url = untrailingslashit( trim( $url ) );
		return ( new URL( $url ) )->get_url();
	}

	/**
	 * Lists currently approved directories.
	 *
	 * Returned array will have the following structure:
	 *
	 *     [
	 *         'total_urls'  => 12345,
	 *         'total_pages' => 123,
	 *         'urls'        => [],  # StoredUrl[]
	 *     ]
	 *
	 * @param array $args {
	 *     Controls pagination and ordering.
	 *
	 *     @type null|bool $enabled  Controls if only enabled (true), disabled (false) or all rules (null) should be listed.
	 *     @type string    $order    Ordering ('ASC' for ascending, 'DESC' for descending).
	 *     @type string    $order_by Field to order by (one of 'url_id' or 'url').
	 *     @type int       $page     The page of results to retrieve.
	 *     @type int       $per_page The number of results to retrieve per page.
	 *     @type string    $search   Term to search for.
	 * }
	 *
	 * @return array
	 */
	public function list( array $args ): array {
		global $wpdb;

		$args = array_merge(
			array(
				'enabled'  => null,
				'order'    => 'ASC',
				'order_by' => 'url',
				'page'     => 1,
				'per_page' => 20,
				'search'   => '',
			),
			$args
		);

		$table    = $this->get_table();
		$paths    = array();
		$order    = in_array( $args['order'], array( 'ASC', 'DESC' ), true ) ? $args['order'] : 'ASC';
		$order_by = in_array( $args['order_by'], array( 'url_id', 'url' ), true ) ? $args['order_by'] : 'url';
		$page     = absint( $args['page'] );
		$per_page = absint( $args['per_page'] );
		$enabled  = is_bool( $args['enabled'] ) ? $args['enabled'] : null;
		$search   = '%' . $wpdb->esc_like( sanitize_text_field( $args['search'] ) ) . '%';

		if ( $page < 1 ) {
			$page = 1;
		}

		if ( $per_page < 1 ) {
			$per_page = 1;
		}

		$where     = array();
		$where_sql = '';

		if ( ! empty( $search ) ) {
			$where[] = $wpdb->prepare( 'url LIKE %s', $search );
		}

		if ( is_bool( $enabled ) ) {
			$where[] = 'enabled = ' . (int) $enabled;
		}

		if ( ! empty( $where ) ) {
			$where_sql = 'WHERE ' . join( ' AND ', $where );
		}

		// phpcs:disable WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared
		$results = $wpdb->get_results(
			$wpdb->prepare(
				"
					SELECT   url_id, url, enabled
					FROM     {$table}
					{$where_sql}
					ORDER BY {$order_by} {$order}
					LIMIT    %d, %d
				",
				( $page - 1 ) * $per_page,
				$per_page
			)
		);

		$total_rows = (int) $wpdb->get_var( "SELECT COUNT( * ) FROM {$table} {$where_sql}" );
		// phpcs:enable

		foreach ( $results as $single_result ) {
			$paths[] = new StoredUrl( $single_result->url_id, $single_result->url, $single_result->enabled );
		}

		return array(
			'total_urls'           => $total_rows,
			'total_pages'          => (int) ceil( $total_rows / $per_page ),
			'approved_directories' => $paths,
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Delete the approved directory identitied by the supplied ID.
	 *
	 * @param int $id The ID of the rule to be deleted.
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function delete_by_id( int $id ): bool {
		global $wpdb;
		$table = $this->get_table();

		return (bool) $wpdb->delete( $table, array( 'url_id' => $id ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Delete the entirev approved directory list.
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function delete_all(): bool {
		global $wpdb;
		$table = $this->get_table();
		// phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared
		return (bool) $wpdb->query( "DELETE FROM $table" );
	}

	/**
	 * Enable the approved directory identitied by the supplied ID.
	 *
	 * @param int $id The ID of the rule to be deleted.
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function enable_by_id( int $id ): bool {
		global $wpdb;
		$table = $this->get_table();
		return (bool) $wpdb->update( $table, array( 'enabled' => 1 ), array( 'url_id' => $id ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Disable the approved directory identitied by the supplied ID.
	 *
	 * @param int $id The ID of the rule to be deleted.
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function disable_by_id( int $id ): bool {
		global $wpdb;
		$table = $this->get_table();
		return (bool) $wpdb->update( $table, array( 'enabled' => 0 ), array( 'url_id' => $id ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Enables all Approved Download Directory rules in a single operation.
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function enable_all(): bool {
		global $wpdb;
		$table = $this->get_table();
		// phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared
		return (bool) $wpdb->query( "UPDATE {$table} SET enabled = 1" );
	}

	/**
	 * Disables all Approved Download Directory rules in a single operation.
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function disable_all(): bool {
		global $wpdb;
		$table = $this->get_table();
		// phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared
		return (bool) $wpdb->query( "UPDATE {$table} SET enabled = 0" );
	}

	/**
	 * Indicates the number of approved directories that are enabled (or disabled, if optional
	 * param $enabled is set to false).
	 *
	 * @param bool $enabled Controls whether enabled or disabled directory rules are counted.
	 *
	 * @return int
	 */
	public function count( bool $enabled = true ): int {
		global $wpdb;
		$table = $this->get_table();

		return (int) $wpdb->get_var(
			$wpdb->prepare(
				// phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared
				"SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {$table} WHERE enabled = %d",
				$enabled ? 1 : 0
			)
		);
	}
}