omment_id ) {
		return new WP_Error( 'comment_save_error', __( '<strong>Error:</strong> The comment could not be saved. Please try again later.' ), 500 );
	}

	return get_comment( $comment_id );
}

/**
 * Registers the personal data exporter for comments.
 *
 * @since 4.9.6
 *
 * @param array $exporters An array of personal data exporters.
 * @return array An array of personal data exporters.
 */
function wp_register_comment_personal_data_exporter( $exporters ) {
	$exporters['wordpress-comments'] = array(
		'exporter_friendly_name' => __( 'WordPress Comments' ),
		'callback'               => 'wp_comments_personal_data_exporter',
	);

	return $exporters;
}

/**
 * Finds and exports personal data associated with an email address from the comments table.
 *
 * @since 4.9.6
 *
 * @param string $email_address The comment author email address.
 * @param int    $page          Comment page.
 * @return array An array of personal data.
 */
function wp_comments_personal_data_exporter( $email_address, $page = 1 ) {
	// Limit us to 500 comments at a time to avoid timing out.
	$number = 500;
	$page   = (int) $page;

	$data_to_export = array();

	$comments = get_comments(
		array(
			'author_email'              => $email_address,
			'number'                    => $number,
			'paged'                     => $page,
			'orderby'                   => 'comment_ID',
			'order'                     => 'ASC',
			'update_comment_meta_cache' => false,
		)
	);

	$comment_prop_to_export = array(
		'comment_author'       => __( 'Comment Author' ),
		'comment_author_email' => __( 'Comment Author Email' ),
		'comment_author_url'   => __( 'Comment Author URL' ),
		'comment_author_IP'    => __( 'Comment Author IP' ),
		'comment_agent'        => __( 'Comment Author User Agent' ),
		'comment_date'         => __( 'Comment Date' ),
		'comment_content'      => __( 'Comment Content' ),
		'comment_link'         => __( 'Comment URL' ),
	);

	foreach ( (array) $comments as $comment ) {
		$comment_data_to_export = array();

		foreach ( $comment_prop_to_export as $key => $name ) {
			$value = '';

			switch ( $key ) {
				case 'comment_author':
				case 'comment_author_email':
				case 'comment_author_url':
				case 'comment_author_IP':
				case 'comment_agent':
				case 'comment_date':
					$value = $comment->{$key};
					break;

				case 'comment_content':
					$value = get_comment_text( $comment->comment_ID );
					break;

				case 'comment_link':
					$value = get_comment_link( $comment->comment_ID );
					$value = sprintf(
						'<a href="%s" target="_blank" rel="noopener">%s</a>',
						esc_url( $value ),
						esc_html( $value )
					);
					break;
			}

			if ( ! empty( $value ) ) {
				$comment_data_to_export[] = array(
					'name'  => $name,
					'value' => $value,
				);
			}
		}

		$data_to_export[] = array(
			'group_id'          => 'comments',
			'group_label'       => __( 'Comments' ),
			'group_description' => __( 'User&#8217;s comment data.' ),
			'item_id'           => "comment-{$comment->comment_ID}",
			'data'              => $comment_data_to_export,
		);
	}

	$done = count( $comments ) < $number;

	return array(
		'data' => $data_to_export,
		'done' => $done,
	);
}

/**
 * Registers the personal data eraser for comments.
 *
 * @since 4.9.6
 *
 * @param array $erasers An array of personal data erasers.
 * @return array An array of personal data erasers.
 */
function wp_register_comment_personal_data_eraser( $erasers ) {
	$erasers['wordpress-comments'] = array(
		'eraser_friendly_name' => __( 'WordPress Comments' ),
		'callback'             => 'wp_comments_personal_data_eraser',
	);

	return $erasers;
}

/**
 * Erases personal data associated with an email address from the comments table.
 *
 * @since 4.9.6
 *
 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
 *
 * @param string $email_address The comment author email address.
 * @param int    $page          Comment page.
 * @return array
 */
function wp_comments_personal_data_eraser( $email_address, $page = 1 ) {
	global $wpdb;

	if ( empty( $email_address ) ) {
		return array(
			'items_removed'  => false,
			'items_retained' => false,
			'messages'       => array(),
			'done'           => true,
		);
	}

	// Limit us to 500 comments at a time to avoid timing out.
	$number         = 500;
	$page           = (int) $page;
	$items_removed  = false;
	$items_retained = false;

	$comments = get_comments(
		array(
			'author_email'       => $email_address,
			'number'             => $number,
			'paged'              => $page,
			'orderby'            => 'comment_ID',
			'order'              => 'ASC',
			'include_unapproved' => true,
		)
	);

	/* translators: Name of a comment's author after being anonymized. */
	$anon_author = __( 'Anonymous' );
	$messages    = array();

	foreach ( (array) $comments as $comment ) {
		$anonymized_comment                         = array();
		$anonymized_comment['comment_agent']        = '';
		$anonymized_comment['comment_author']       = $anon_author;
		$anonymized_comment['comment_author_email'] = '';
		$anonymized_comment['comment_author_IP']    = wp_privacy_anonymize_data( 'ip', $comment->comment_author_IP );
		$anonymized_comment['comment_author_url']   = '';
		$anonymized_comment['user_id']              = 0;

		$comment_id = (int) $comment->comment_ID;

		/**
		 * Filters whether to anonymize the comment.
		 *
		 * @since 4.9.6
		 *
		 * @param bool|string $anon_message       Whether to apply the comment anonymization (bool) or a custom
		 *                                        message (string). Default true.
		 * @param WP_Comment  $comment            WP_Comment object.
		 * @param array       $anonymized_comment Anonymized comment data.
		 */
		$anon_message = apply_filters( 'wp_anonymize_comment', true, $comment, $anonymized_comment );

		if ( true !== $anon_message ) {
			if ( $anon_message && is_string( $anon_message ) ) {
				$messages[] = esc_html( $anon_message );
			} else {
				/* translators: %d: Comment ID. */
				$messages[] = sprintf( __( 'Comment %d contains personal data but could not be anonymized.' ), $comment_id );
			}

			$items_retained = true;

			continue;
		}

		$args = array(
			'comment_ID' => $comment_id,
		);

		$updated = $wpdb->update( $wpdb->comments, $anonymized_comment, $args );

		if ( $updated ) {
			$items_removed = true;
			clean_comment_cache( $comment_id );
		} else {
			$items_retained = true;
		}
	}

	$done = count( $comments ) < $number;

	return array(
		'items_removed'  => $items_removed,
		'items_retained' => $items_retained,
		'messages'       => $messages,
		'done'           => $done,
	);
}

/**
 * Sets the last changed time for the 'comment' cache group.
 *
 * @since 5.0.0
 */
function wp_cache_set_comments_last_changed() {
	wp_cache_set_last_changed( 'comment' );
}

/**
 * Updates the comment type for a batch of comments.
 *
 * @since 5.5.0
 *
 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
 */
function _wp_batch_update_comment_type() {
	global $wpdb;

	$lock_name = 'update_comment_type.lock';

	// Try to lock.
	$lock_result = $wpdb->query( $wpdb->prepare( "INSERT IGNORE INTO `$wpdb->options` ( `option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload` ) VALUES (%s, %s, 'no') /* LOCK */", $lock_name, time() ) );

	if ( ! $lock_result ) {
		$lock_result = get_option( $lock_name );

		// Bail if we were unable to create a lock, or if the existing lock is still valid.
		if ( ! $lock_result || ( $lock_result > ( time() - HOUR_IN_SECONDS ) ) ) {
			wp_schedule_single_event( time() + ( 5 * MINUTE_IN_SECONDS ), 'wp_update_comment_type_batch' );
			return;
		}
	}

	// Update the lock, as by this point we've definitely got a lock, just need to fire the actions.
	update_option( $lock_name, time() );

	// Check if there's still an empty comment type.
	$empty_comment_type = $wpdb->get_var(
		"SELECT comment_ID FROM $wpdb->comments
		WHERE comment_type = ''
		LIMIT 1"
	);

	// No empty comment type, we're done here.
	if ( ! $empty_comment_type ) {
		update_option( 'finished_updating_comment_type', true );
		delete_option( $lock_name );
		return;
	}

	// Empty comment type found? We'll need to run this script again.
	wp_schedule_single_event( time() + ( 2 * MINUTE_IN_SECONDS ), 'wp_update_comment_type_batch' );

	/**
	 * Filters the comment batch size for updating the comment type.
	 *
	 * @since 5.5.0
	 *
	 * @param int $comment_batch_size The comment batch size. Default 100.
	 */
	$comment_batch_size = (int) apply_filters( 'wp_update_comment_type_batch_size', 100 );

	// Get the IDs of the comments to update.
	$comment_ids = $wpdb->get_col(
		$wpdb->prepare(
			"SELECT comment_ID
			FROM {$wpdb->comments}
			WHERE comment_type = ''
			ORDER BY comment_ID DESC
			LIMIT %d",
			$comment_batch_size
		)
	);

	if ( $comment_ids ) {
		$comment_id_list = implode( ',', $comment_ids );

		// Update the `comment_type` field value to be `comment` for the next batch of comments.
		$wpdb->query(
			"UPDATE {$wpdb->comments}
			SET comment_type = 'comment'
			WHERE comment_type = ''
			AND comment_ID IN ({$comment_id_list})" // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared
		);

		// Make sure to clean the comment cache.
		clean_comment_cache( $comment_ids );
	}

	delete_option( $lock_name );
}

/**
 * In order to avoid the _wp_batch_update_comment_type() job being accidentally removed,
 * check that it's still scheduled while we haven't finished updating comment types.
 *
 * @ignore
 * @since 5.5.0
 */
function _wp_check_for_scheduled_update_comment_type() {
	if ( ! get_option( 'finished_updating_comment_type' ) && ! wp_next_scheduled( 'wp_update_comment_type_batch' ) ) {
		wp_schedule_single_event( time() + MINUTE_IN_SECONDS, 'wp_update_comment_type_batch' );
	}
}
sed in the action claim query.
		 *
		 * @since x.x.x
		 *
		 * @param string $order_by_sql
		 */
		$order    = apply_filters( 'action_scheduler_claim_actions_order_by', 'ORDER BY attempts ASC, scheduled_date_gmt ASC, action_id ASC' );
		$params[] = $limit;

		$sql           = $wpdb->prepare( "{$update} {$where} {$order} LIMIT %d", $params ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared, WordPress.DB.PreparedSQLPlaceholders
		$rows_affected = $wpdb->query( $sql ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.NotPrepared, WordPress.DB.DirectDatabaseQuery.DirectQuery, WordPress.DB.DirectDatabaseQuery.NoCaching
		if ( false === $rows_affected ) {
			throw new \RuntimeException( __( 'Unable to claim actions. Database error.', 'action-scheduler' ) );
		}

		return (int) $rows_affected;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of active claims.
	 *
	 * @return int
	 */
	public function get_claim_count() {
		global $wpdb;

		$sql = "SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT claim_id) FROM {$wpdb->actionscheduler_actions} WHERE claim_id != 0 AND status IN ( %s, %s)";
		$sql = $wpdb->prepare( $sql, array( self::STATUS_PENDING, self::STATUS_RUNNING ) ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.NotPrepared

		return (int) $wpdb->get_var( $sql ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.NotPrepared
	}

	/**
	 * Return an action's claim ID, as stored in the claim_id column.
	 *
	 * @param string $action_id Action ID.
	 * @return mixed
	 */
	public function get_claim_id( $action_id ) {
		/** @var \wpdb $wpdb */
		global $wpdb;

		$sql = "SELECT claim_id FROM {$wpdb->actionscheduler_actions} WHERE action_id=%d";
		$sql = $wpdb->prepare( $sql, $action_id ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.NotPrepared

		return (int) $wpdb->get_var( $sql ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.NotPrepared
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve the action IDs of action in a claim.
	 *
	 * @param  int $claim_id Claim ID.
	 * @return int[]
	 */
	public function find_actions_by_claim_id( $claim_id ) {
		/** @var \wpdb $wpdb */
		global $wpdb;

		$action_ids  = array();
		$before_date = isset( $this->claim_before_date ) ? $this->claim_before_date : as_get_datetime_object();
		$cut_off     = $before_date->format( 'Y-m-d H:i:s' );

		$sql = $wpdb->prepare(
			"SELECT action_id, scheduled_date_gmt FROM {$wpdb->actionscheduler_actions} WHERE claim_id = %d",
			$claim_id
		);

		// Verify that the scheduled date for each action is within the expected bounds (in some unusual
		// cases, we cannot depend on MySQL to honor all of the WHERE conditions we specify).
		foreach ( $wpdb->get_results( $sql ) as $claimed_action ) { // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.NotPrepared
			if ( $claimed_action->scheduled_date_gmt <= $cut_off ) {
				$action_ids[] = absint( $claimed_action->action_id );
			}
		}

		return $action_ids;
	}

	/**
	 * Release actions from a claim and delete the claim.
	 *
	 * @param ActionScheduler_ActionClaim $claim Claim object.
	 */
	public function release_claim( ActionScheduler_ActionClaim $claim ) {
		/** @var \wpdb $wpdb */
		global $wpdb;
		$wpdb->update( $wpdb->actionscheduler_actions, array( 'claim_id' => 0 ), array( 'claim_id' => $claim->get_id() ), array( '%d' ), array( '%d' ) );
		$wpdb->delete( $wpdb->actionscheduler_claims, array( 'claim_id' => $claim->get_id() ), array( '%d' ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Remove the claim from an action.
	 *
	 * @param int $action_id Action ID.
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function unclaim_action( $action_id ) {
		/** @var \wpdb $wpdb */
		global $wpdb;
		$wpdb->update(
			$wpdb->actionscheduler_actions,
			array( 'claim_id' => 0 ),
			array( 'action_id' => $action_id ),
			array( '%s' ),
			array( '%d' )
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Mark an action as failed.
	 *
	 * @param int $action_id Action ID.
	 * @throws \InvalidArgumentException Throw an exception if action was not updated.
	 */
	public function mark_failure( $action_id ) {
		/** @var \wpdb $wpdb */
		global $wpdb;
		$updated = $wpdb->update(
			$wpdb->actionscheduler_actions,
			array( 'status' => self::STATUS_FAILED ),
			array( 'action_id' => $action_id ),
			array( '%s' ),
			array( '%d' )
		);
		if ( empty( $updated ) ) {
			throw new \InvalidArgumentException( sprintf( __( 'Unidentified action %s', 'action-scheduler' ), $action_id ) ); //phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingTranslatorsComment
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Add execution message to action log.
	 *
	 * @param int $action_id Action ID.
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function log_execution( $action_id ) {
		/** @var \wpdb $wpdb */
		global $wpdb;

		$sql = "UPDATE {$wpdb->actionscheduler_actions} SET attempts = attempts+1, status=%s, last_attempt_gmt = %s, last_attempt_local = %s WHERE action_id = %d";
		$sql = $wpdb->prepare( $sql, self::STATUS_RUNNING, current_time( 'mysql', true ), current_time( 'mysql' ), $action_id ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.NotPrepared
		$wpdb->query( $sql ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.NotPrepared
	}

	/**
	 * Mark an action as complete.
	 *
	 * @param int $action_id Action ID.
	 *
	 * @return void
	 * @throws \InvalidArgumentException Throw an exception if action was not updated.
	 */
	public function mark_complete( $action_id ) {
		/** @var \wpdb $wpdb */
		global $wpdb;
		$updated = $wpdb->update(
			$wpdb->actionscheduler_actions,
			array(
				'status'             => self::STATUS_COMPLETE,
				'last_attempt_gmt'   => current_time( 'mysql', true ),
				'last_attempt_local' => current_time( 'mysql' ),
			),
			array( 'action_id' => $action_id ),
			array( '%s' ),
			array( '%d' )
		);
		if ( empty( $updated ) ) {
			throw new \InvalidArgumentException( sprintf( __( 'Unidentified action %s', 'action-scheduler' ), $action_id ) ); //phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingTranslatorsComment
		}

		/**
		 * Fires after a scheduled action has been completed.
		 *
		 * @since 3.4.2
		 *
		 * @param int $action_id Action ID.
		 */
		do_action( 'action_scheduler_completed_action', $action_id );
	}

	/**
	 * Get an action's status.
	 *
	 * @param int $action_id Action ID.
	 *
	 * @return string
	 * @throws \InvalidArgumentException Throw an exception if not status was found for action_id.
	 * @throws \RuntimeException Throw an exception if action status could not be retrieved.
	 */
	public function get_status( $action_id ) {
		/** @var \wpdb $wpdb */
		global $wpdb;
		$sql    = "SELECT status FROM {$wpdb->actionscheduler_actions} WHERE action_id=%d";
		$sql    = $wpdb->prepare( $sql, $action_id ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.NotPrepared
		$status = $wpdb->get_var( $sql ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.NotPrepared

		if ( null === $status ) {
			throw new \InvalidArgumentException( __( 'Invalid action ID. No status found.', 'action-scheduler' ) );
		} elseif ( empty( $status ) ) {
			throw new \RuntimeException( __( 'Unknown status found for action.', 'action-scheduler' ) );
		} else {
			return $status;
		}
	}
}